Since a draft was included in the presentation at issue in ICC Opinion TA.948, it prompts important questions about examination not only under UCP but also under bills of exchange law.
On appeal, Court considered whether trial court: erred in holding that Subcontractor/Applicant was contractually precluded from relying on the unconscionability exception; correctly held that Contractor/Beneficiary’s demand was not fraudulent; and erred in declining to discharge the injunction.
Amr KAMAL explores integrating ICC's URDG758 into Egypt's commercial law for demand guarantees, emphasizing the advanced nature of Egyptian law in recognizing demand and suretyship guarantees, drawing comparisons with global practices.
In AXA v. Chiu Teng, Singapore’s top court confirms liability under a performance bond absent a prior ruling or admission of breach. The case highlights the importance of precise drafting and reinforces the binding nature of bond terms over labels like “guarantee” or “on-demand.”
