Debate persists on when an independent undertaking is issued: upon leaving the issuer’s control or only when advised to the beneficiary. Various rules clarify issuance timing.
EU Parliament may keep trade finance instruments' CCF at 20% instead of 50%. Trade specialists urge caution; Cazenove of Societe Generale warns against potential risks to corporates and economies.
Proposed EU Capital Requirements Regulation changes may raise credit conversion factor for standby letters of credit. Limited data suggests low default rates. Banks issue standbys for fees, and despite credit risk, many expire unused.
