With regard to how fraud may disturb a bank's obligation to honour under an independent undertaking, courts have used various qualifiers to describe the level necessary. In his expansive article, Dr. Alan Davidson explores the concept of "Letter of Credit Fraud" under law and in the courts.
The legal consequences of backdating paper bills of lading under letters of credit and use of surrendered bills of lading emerge from the China case, Ningbo Nanheng Import and Export Co. Ltd. v. Shinhan Bank Co.
Case heard by China's Supreme People’s Court deals with questions regarding alleged fraud and the nature of a transferable credit under UCP600 Article 38.
A dispute involving an ISP98 standby and litigation in two jurisdictions raises a host of considerations. Here, Carter Klein comments on five facets of the Shinetec (Australia) Pty Ltd. v. The Gosford Pty Ltd Australian appellate court decision.
